Ritual typically refers to a ceremony that follows a set structure and order. We can draw from various Buddhist traditions as we create our own preferred rituals for individual or group practice. Rituals often incorporate symbols that resonate with us on a deeper, subconscious level. By combining simple aspirations and intentions with our actions, words, and thoughts, we become fully present, aligning our body, speech, and mind.

Basic rituals like altar keeping, taking off shoes, bowing, stretching/yoga, giving thanks for meals, boundary setting, lighting candles, bowing, filling water offering bowls, arranging flowers, cleaning a statue, offering incense, taking vows, or dedicating merit can all help raise awareness, especially when paired with a clear, positive intention or aspiration. When practicing in a dedicated space, simply maintaining this sacred space can also become a meditative ritual practice.

Individually, we can choose to maintain certain rituals to help inspire us and support our disciplined practice. Since rituals function like habits, we can become familiar with their repetitive aspects, freeing us to be more present and embody our intentions. When choosing which rituals to rely on regularly, it is important to consider what the purpose of the ritual is. Rituals can help to set one’s intention for a coming activity, to be present during a transition from one thing to the next, or to help create an atmosphere that inspires and uplifts the energy of everyone present.

Rituals can be used to set intention, honor the place and people present, create a harmonious atmosphere, and strengthen the sense of community. Sometimes doing things that seem to have no practical purpose, like lighting a candle in daytime, can help inspire us to relax and go beyond the routine of our habitual motivation and activities.

Reflect on the experience of establishing environments for practice and study through rituals, altar keeping, setting agreements, maintaining sacred spaces, bowing, or lighting candles.

• What Buddhist rituals have you witnessed or learned about, and what feelings do they evoke?
• Which rituals are you most attracted to for inspiring your personal practice?
• Which seem to work best for the group?

Analyze various ritual forms that support personal practice, and design simple rituals that effectively guide and inspire group practice.